What You Should Know About Infertility

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An In-Depth Look at Infertility

We often get confused with the definition of “infertility”. In essence, it’s the inability of a person to conceive or sustain a pregnancy to childbirth. In a medical standpoint, infertility is when a pregnancy hasn’t occurred for at least a year after engaging in unprotected sexual intercourse.

At least 14% of couples in the USA are affected by infertility, and they often explore on various fertility testing and counselling. The couple may strongly desire a child but may also feel anxious which is typically normal with impending parenthood. For these reasons, counselling and treatments can be emotionally-agonizing and physically-demanding, often causing a high level of strain on a couple’s relationship.

In some cases, however, couples may worry that they’re infertile because they’re not aware of the average length of time it takes to actually get pregnant. But allow me to share you this: when a couple engages in sex an average of four times a week, 50% of them will have a chance to conceive within half a year; while 85% will get pregnant within 12 months. The periods will be longer if sexual intercourse is less frequent.

However, keep in mind that engaging in coitus daily can also decrease your chances of early impregnation. Why? Because if a couple won’t space coitus to every other day (or for a longer interval), too-frequent sexual intercourse can lower a man’s sperm count to a level below the peak fertility. So think before you act, guys!

Types of Infertility

Primary infertility is when a person has no previous history of conceptions. Secondary infertility refers to a couple who had a previous viable pregnancy (at least once) but is no longer able to conceive at present.

Sterility is a person’s inability to conceive due to a present and known condition that impedes pregnancy, such as the absence of the uterus. On the other hand, subfertility is when a couple has diminished capabilities to conceive.

About 40% of infertile couples suffer from multiple causative factors. 25% of them experience ovulatory problems; 20% experience reproductive system defects; and in about 30% of the case, it is the man who’s infertile. 25% suffer from infertility for unknown causes despite all the available diagnostic tests.

Correcting the Underlying Problem

Basically, treating infertility is largely based on underlying causes like the existence of a chronic disease, hormone imbalance, reproductive system defects, or infection. If treatment is not successful at this point, correction of the problem will focus on being able to conceive through assisted reproductive techniques. Here are some of the things you can do to aid conception:

Increase Sperm Count and Motility. If sperm aren’t motile because there’s an obstruction in the vas deferens, it may likely be extensive and may pose as a challenge to correct through surgery. If the sperm count is low, a man is advised to abstain from sex for more than a week to increase the count. Since scrotal heat can also contribute to low sperm count, minor lifestyle changes may be advisable such as wearing loose clothes or avoiding long periods of sitting.

Reduce the Presence of Infection. If a vaginal infection is the underlying cause of infertility, it will be treated accordingly based on the causative organism. Infections like trichomoniasis tend to reappear over time so it requires continued monitoring and follow-up. It may also be possible that your partner is the cause for reinfection. Women in particular are advised to take a drug called metronidazole for such an infection but be informed that this type of drug should be withdrawn if a pregnancy is suspected to avoid adverse effects to the fetus. 

Surgery. If a fibroid tumor interferes with fertility, surgical procedures like myomectomy, or surgical removal of the tumor, may be advisable. For problems like abnormal uterine formation, surgery is also readily accessible. However, such defects are more related to early pregnancy loss and not infertility. If the problem is due to tubal insufficiency because of inflammation, administration of steroids may be helpful to reduce adhesions. Microsurgery or plastic surgery repair are also possible treatments. If endometriosis is the cause of infertility, it can be removed by a process called laparoscopy or through a painless laser surgery.

infertility info